Carbon

Carbon, symbol "C", is an amazingly important and well-used element on earth, it's pretty much the basis of all life and energy storage and.. Yeah pretty much everything earth-like. It has six of everything, protons neutron electrons, but the number of electrons gives it 4 open slots, which opens alot of options for atomic relationships.

Most people, when someone says "Carbon", might think of a dull, black, powdery.. Stuff, with no structure and no apparent use, but carbon can also be graphite, which is carbon bonding with itself to form somewhat random strings of carbon that are far more solid, which comes out as a fairly strong, solid black material that conducts electricity well and is so extremely heat proof it's used on the inside walls of nuclear reactors.

But as amorphous(non-structured) carbon is to graphite, graphite is to diamond, which is carbon atoms linked to each other once again, but this time in perfectly even, organized lines which are near impossible to break apart and show excellent heat transfer(you computer probably has a aluminum heat sink on the chip to keep it cool, it would work many times better if it was diamond.. But this may be more costly than most are willing to even dream of)

Carbon comes mostly from coal seams, which tend to be made of old plant matter decayed and compacted so long they've lost everything but the carbon, and it's many uses include fuel(known as "coal"), various chemical uses(such as turning metal ores into pure metals), billions of organic uses(such as "life, the universe, and everything") and a few structural and heat-resistant uses.

These are my samples!